Adjective and its kind

A word which qualifies a noun or pronoun, is called adjective.

Example-

*I have a pretty dress.

*The intelligent student was honored.

*He is good.

In first sentence pretty qualifies a noun "dress".

And in second sentence intelligent qualifies a noun "student".

In third sentence good qualifies a pronoun "he".




Use of Adjective

An adjective is used in two ways-

1.Attributively 2.Predicatively

1.Attributively- If an adjective is used before noun, it is said to be used attributively.

Example-

It is a new pen.

There was a big lake.


2.Predicatively-If an adjective is used after the verb as a part of the predicate, it is said to be used predicatively.

Example-

The clouds in the sky were dark.

The soldier was brave.




Kinds of Adjective-




Adjective can be divided into following eight classes-


1.Proper adjectives

2.Adjective of quality

3.Adjective of quantity

4.Adjective of number

5.Demonstrative adjective

6.Interrogative adjective

7.Emphasizing adjective

8.Exclamatory adjective


1.Proper adjectives- An adjective made from proper nounis called proper adjective.

Adjectives of this classs-

Proper nouns Proper adjectives

America American

Arabia Arabian

Assam Assamese

Bihar Bihari

Bengal Bangali

Burma Bermese

Britain British

China Chinese

Deccan Deccanese

Denmark Danish

England English

Egypt Egyptian

Germany German

Halland Dutch

Himalyas Himalyan

India Indian

Russia Russian

Iran Iranian

Rome Roman

Japan Japanese

Madras Madrasi

Nepal Nepalese

Persia Persian

Poland Polish

Portugal Portugaese

Sweden Swedish

Spain Spanish

Tibet Tibetan

Turkey Turkish




2.Adjective of quality-An adjective that shows the kind(state,shape,color) of quality of a person or thing, is called an adjective of quality.

Example-

Old, new, small, big, brave, good etc

Usage-

I am a brave boy.

Rakesh has a small toy.

She is a clever girl.

Mumbai is a big city.




3.Adjective of quantity- An adjective that shows how much of a thing is denoted, is called an adjective of quntity.

Example-

Enough, much, all, some, little etc.

Usage-

She ate all the bread.

There is some water in this river.

I have little knowledge.

Raja has much money.




4.Adjective of number/Numeral adjective- An adjective that shows how many persons or things are denoted, is called numeral adjective.

Adjectives of this class-

Some, many, several, few, five etc.




**KINDS OF NUMERAL ADJECTIVE**

Numeral adjective has three kinds-

(a) Definite adjective

(b) Indefinite adjective

(c) Distributive adjective.




(a) Definite numeral adjective- It denotes an exact number.

Example-

One, two, first, second, double, triple.

Definite adjectives have been divided into three parts-

1.Cardinal(One, two, three.....)

2.Ordinal(First, second, third.....)

3.Multiplicative(Double, triple..)




(b) Indefinite numeral adjective- It does not denote an exact number.

Example-

all, some, many, several, few, certain etc.




(c) Distributive numeral adjective-It refers to each one of a number.

Example-

Each, every, either, neither, each one, every one.




* Each is used in the sense of "दो या दो से अधिक में से एक".

----- To babies had each a toy.

Each traveler has visited the Tajmahal.

*Every is used in the sense of "दो से अधिक में प्रत्येक के लिए".

----- Every student of this college is present.

Every one of the five soldiers is awarded.

* Either is used in the sense of "दो में से -एक या दोनों के लिए ".

-- You can type on either side of this piece of paper.

-- On either side of my house, there are roads.

*Neither is use in the sense of "दो में से एक भी नहीं ".

--They planted trees on neither side of the road.

-- Of Vicky and Dipak neither is obedient.











5.Demonstrative adjective- An adjective which points out which person or thing is denoted, is called a demonstrative adjective.

Adjectives of this class-

This, that, these, those, an, a, the etc.

Kinds of Demonstrative adjective-




It has two kinds-

(a) Definite demonstrative adjective-It denotes definite person or thing clearly.

Example-

This, that, these, those,same.

Usage-

This watch is costly.

These chairs are broken.

That doll is mine.

Those pens are his.




(b) Indefinite demonstrative adjective- It does not denotes definite person or thing.

Example-

One, some, any, any other certain.

Usage-

One student is good.

Some boys are present.

Any of you can do it.

Give me any other pen.


6.Interrogative adjective- A word used with a noun to ask question, is called interrogative adjective.

Adjectives of this class-

What, which, whose.

Usage-

What dish does you like most.

Which boy is your brother.

Whose car is parked at the gate.

Note-

"Which" is used in the sense of "one in many".

Example-

Which game do you like.

Which boy run fast.




7.Emphasizing adjective- an adjective used to lay a particular emphasis on a noun, is called emphasizing adjective.

Adjectives of this class-

Very, own.

Usage-

I saw a ghost with my own eyes.

Mind your own business.

This is the very watch that I lost yesterday.

This is the very pen that I want.




8.Exclamatory adjective- When the word "what" is used as an adjective it expresses feeling of a noun, it is called exclamatory adjective.

Example-

What a fool he is !

What a luck!

What an idea!




Some important adjective words

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